Combustion-engine of the injection type.



L. GENTZEN.

OOMBUSTION ENGINE 0F THE INJECTION TYPE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10. 1911.

Patented Fb.25,1913.

/lllllllllllll' w Ni oir-Fic.;

LUDWIG GENTZEN, OF MLHEM-ON-THE-RHINE, GERMANY.

COMBUSTION-ENGINE. F THE INJECTION TYPE.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be 1t known that I LUDWIG GEN'rznx enigineer, a subject of the German Emperor,

residing at 'Franzstrasse, Mlheim-on-t-he- Rhine, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Combustion- Engines of the'Injection Type; and I do hereby declare the following to be a. full, Clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it apperta-ins to make and use the same. y

My invention relates to improvements in combustion engines of the injection type in which the fuel is blown into the cylinder of the engine by means of compressed air while the said cylinder is filled with air at high compression. Invengines of this type it 'is difficult to inject the fuel centrally of the cylinder, that is in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the same, as is necessary for thoroughly mixing the fuel with the air contained within the cylinder. To this effect in combustion engines now in use the needle valve for controlling the fuel supply has been arranged parallel to the axis of the cylinder and the said valve has been operated by a driving shaft perpendicular to the main valve-operating shaft, the latter being parallel to the axis of the cylinder;

The object of my improvements is to construct the apparatus for admitting the mixture of air and fuel to the cylinder in a more simple way, so that'various partsl of the valve-operating mechanism can be dispensed with, without however interfering with t-he proper function of the valve-operating `mechanism.

A further object of the improvement-s is to construct the injection apparatus insuch a way, that the fuel is more thoroughly atomized. j

With theseand vother objects in view my invention consists in arranging the fuel and .air valve with its axis perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and providing an injection `channel within the cylinder wall or the cylinder head whichbegins at the said valve and which is bent-at a right angle in such a way, that the fuel and air are discharged into the cylinder substantially in line with the direction of the stroke of the piston, or in other words within the longitudinal axis of the cylinder or parallel thereto. By thus icoi'istructing the injector and the'valve con- Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 25, 1913.

Application. i1ed.J'anuary 10, 1911. Serial No. 601,843.

trolling mechanism, the fuel and air valve can be directly operated by the cam shaft. Furthermore by providing the fuel and air channel with a bend substantially at a right angle the fuel is more thoroughly atomized.

because the jet of compressed air and fuel is perpendicularly thrown against a surface, so that it is deiected to the nozzle portion of the injector in a whirled state.

A further object of the improvements is to provide means whereby the injection channel can be cleaned without removing the valve. For this purpose the nozzle portioncommunicates with a channel within the cylinder or its head which is in line with the nozzle and extends rearward therefrom through the wall of the cylinder or its head. Normally the said channel is closed by suitable means, such for example as a screw plug.

In order that my invention may more thoroughly be understood an example embodying the same has been shown in the accompanying drawing in which the same letters of reference have been used in all the views to indicate corresponding parts.

In said drawing Figure l, is a vertical cross-section of the engine taken on the longitudinal axis of the valve for controlling the supply. of fuel and air and Fig. l2, is a horizontal cross-section'taken on the longitudinal axis of the cylinder.

\ Referring to the example illustrated in cylinder head l) from the rear thereof. The

longitudinal laxis of the said block is in the direction of the stroke of t-he piston, and preferably within the longitudinal axis of the cylinder. The said block is provided with an axial bore or discharge channel c which in the preferred form extends entirely through the same and is normally closed by a screw plug m, or s'ome other removableclosing element. At its inner end the said channel is provided'with a nozzle .e of any known or preferred construction. At a right angle a supply channel rl branches off from the channel c, and this supply channel is adapted to be closed by a needle valve o disposed axially of the channel rl. A rod n which carries the needle valve extends rearwardly therefrom and through a casing p secured to 'the cylinder head.

valve-operating shaft of the engine and rotating therewith in the direct-ion of the arrow shown in F ig. l. Near its front end' the rod u extends through a chamber z' vto Which leads the pipe' for supplying compressed air. The fuel is admitted through a passage Z which is branched off from a part of the channel (Z adjacent to the conical part of the needle valve. The air as Well as the fuel are forced into the cylinder by means of a pump or the like, as is known in the art. After removing the screw plug mi the channel c can he cleaned by blowing therethrough compressed air.

lt will be observed that the passage for fuel and air which is formed by the channels f'l and @,is of a practically uniform cross section from the'valve o to the outlet or nozzle a. That is to say, the passage formed by said channels is free from enlargements which by reducing the velocity of the stream would give the fuel particles an opportunity to become deposited on the walls of the passage. The atomizing of the fuel occurs partly at'the valve seat, and is perfected or completed at the junction of the channels c, (t, by the sudden deviation of the stream of fuel and air at a sharp angle, without any enlargement of the passage which might cause the fuel part-icles to be deposited. The jet issuing from the nozzle ais therefore a very fine spray of fuel and air.

While in describing the invention reference has been made to a combustion engine the longitudinal axis of which is horizontal I Wish it to be understood that my invention is not limited to the arrangement shown, 'and thatV Various changes may be made in the construction shown Without def the axis of the cylinder, said cylinder beingv provided with a channel arrangedto discharge the mixture of air and fuel into the cylinder substantially in the direction'fiof the stroke of the piston, and with a fuel and air supply channel in the direction of the valves axis, controlled by the valve and connected with the said discharge channel, at a sharp angle, said channels being free from enlargement-s from the valve to the outlet of the discharge channel, mechanical means for operating said valvev eriodically, said discharge.l channel extending rearwardly through the Wall of the cylinder, and means for normally closing said discharge channel at its rear end.

In testimony, that claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LUDWIG GENTZEN lvitnesses Lonis VANDORY, y BESSIE F.- 'DUNLAR 

